FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS
General Questions
What is the Weight of the Water?
One cubic foot of water weighs 62.4 pounds and contains 7.48 gallons.
A column of water 2.31 feet high will exert 1.0 psi Example To produce a pressure of 40 psi requires a water column of: 40 psi X 2.31 ft/psi = 92.4 ft
1 m3 = 1000 kg approx
Detention time for coagulation and flocculation in Effluent Treatment Plant (ETP)
coagulation reactions are rapid , detention period for flash mixers is between 60 seconds to 90 seconds, the detention time for flocculation basins is between 5 to 30 minutes. ,
The equation to calculate detention time is : Detention time = Volume of tank / flow rate
Coagulation in Effluent Treatment Plant
Coagulation in water and waste water treatment is series of chemical and mechanical operations by which coagulants are applied . These operations comprise of two phases: (1) rapid mixing to disperse coagulant chemicals by violent agitation into the water being treated, and (2) flocculation to agglomerate small particles into well-defined floc by gentle agitation for a much longer time
Coagulation results from adding salts of iron or aluminum to the water and is a reaction between one of the following (coagulants) salts and water: Alum — aluminum sulfate , Sodium aluminate , Ferric sulfate , Ferrous sulfate , Ferric chloride , Polymers
What is flocculation in Effluent Treatment Plant?
Flocculation follows coagulation in conventional water treatment process. Flocculation is physical process of slowly mixing the coagulated water to increase the probability of particle collision. Through experience, we see that effective mixing reduces the required amount of chemicals and improves the sedimentation process, which results in longer filter runs and higher quality finished water. The goal of flocculation is to form a uniform , floc that entraps the fine, suspended, and colloidal particles and carries them down rapidly in settling basin. To increase the speed of floc formation and the strength and weight of the floc, polymers are added
Role of Equalization Tank in Treatment Plant
To enable the source to operate at a predetermined rate.
What is MBBR?
MBBR stands for Moving Bed Bioreactor
Physical Characteristics of Water and Wastewater
1.Turbidity
2. Color
3. Odour
4. Temperature
Chemical Characteristics of Water and Wastewater
1. Total solids , suspended solids , settleable solids
2. pH value
3. chloride content
4. nitrogen
5. presence of fats , greases and oils
6. sulphides , sulphates and H2S gas
7. dissolved oxygen
8. Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD)
9. Bio Chemical Oxygen Demand (BOD)
Nitrogen Content : The presence of nitrogen in sewage indicates the presence of organic matter , and may occur in one or more of the following forms
1. Free ammonia , called ammonia nitrogen
2. Albuminoid nitrogen called as organic nitrogen
3. Nitrites and
4. Nitrates
Waht is Sludge Bulking?
The Biological Sludge which does not settle well and compacts poorly in the secondary settling tank , leaving a small amount of clear supernatant at the top is Bulking Sludge. Bulking occur due to the presence of toxic substances , insufficient aeration , frequent shock loadings and excessive rate of supply of substrate. Bulking of Sludge is controlled by a mixture of copper sulphate and lime in 1:1 ratio by weight
How to treat effluent of Sugar Industry?
Sugar industry is considered to be the most pollution ( water and wastewater ) emitting industry.
the major pollution characteristics of sugar industry comprises of
1. High BOD
2. High Volatile solids
3. Low pH .
The suggested treatment method for sugar industry is Biological treatment with Ultra filtration or Nano filtration for reusing the recycled water in the process.
How to treat waste water of Dairy Industry?
Diary industry is among major waste water producer industries and produce effluent which contain 1. High Dissolved Solids 2. High Suspended Solids 3. High BOD 4. Presence of Oil and Grease , Suggested treatment method for dairy industry is biological treatment with DAF ( Dissolved air flotation )
How to treat waste water of Oil Refinery Industry?
The problem with oil refinery is with free and emulsified oil , the suggested treat for oil and refinery industry is Oil separation Chemical treatment biological treatment
Treatment of Coke Oven water and wastewater
Pollution Characteristics of this industry mainly consists of High ammonia content high phenol content high BOD low suspended solids high cyanide , suggested treatment method is Chemical treatment Biological Treatment
Treatment for Pharmaceutical Industry
Pharmaceutical industry require high level of treatment for their effluent as the effluent mainly consists High total solids High COD High COD/BOD ratio either acidic or alkaline , suggested treatment is Chemical treatment Biological Treatment with lamella clarifier or DAF
How to treat cyanide from water?
Alkaline chlorination process is used for oxidation of cyanides to carbon dioxide and nitrogen, Treatment for cyanides is carried out prior to the heavy metals removal , cyanide treatment process is carried out in two reactors , In first Tank / reactor at pH range between 9.5 to 10 cyanide oxidize to cyanate by the mixing of chlorine ( sodium hypochlorite ) , In second Reaction Tank at pH 8 cyanate oxidize to carbon dioxide and nitrogen through the addition of chlorine.
Paper and pulp industry treatment
Strong color high BOD High COD/BOD ratio Highly alkaline high sodium content are the main issues with paper and pulp industry suggested treatment for effluent is Chemicals recovery lime treatment for color Biological Treatment
Clients
Projects Participated/ Clients
Jyothy Laboratories Limited
different Brands of JLL
fabric care : Ujalla , Henko , Mr White , New Super Chec , More Light
Home Care : Maxo insecticide , Exo Floor shine , Maya agarbatis
Personal Care : Margo soap , Fa Fresh soaps & deos , Neem Toothpaste
Dish Wash : Exo , Pril
Top Brands in Food Industry , ketchup , Chutney , Noodles
Ching's Secret Real Chinese Tasty Chinese , Smith & Jones
Polluted Water Treatment Plant , ETP wastewater Treatment
An Ispat Group Company
Zen Shipping and Ports India Private Limited
FBD Pune Snacks Plant
TRF Subsidiary- A TATA Enterprises
T.E.G Tiba engineering group
American Embassy School
LOTUS INFRA PROJECTS Pvt. Ltd
Haldiram
Asfour Crystal International co
Bengal Tools Limited
Al-Ahli Leather Factory Co. Ltd
Hindustan Construction Company Ltd
BSB, BSNL, New Delhi
APG Shimla University, Shimla
Shree Samridhi Ent. Pvt. Ltd
UTTAM GALVA STEELS LTD
amarchand mangaldas , amarchand towers
Kiran Udyog India Pvt Ltd
Carrier Wheels Pvt. Ltd
Shamli
Gujarat Enviro Protection & Infrastructure (H) Pvt. Ltd.
New Age Fashion Corporation
HETERO LABS LTD,BADDI
NTPC EOC
Reckitt Benckiser India Limited
DSQ Architects Pvt. Ltd
Mumbai
Alchemist Group
Luminous Power Technologies (P) Ltd
GULF CHEMICAL & ENVIROMENTAL WORKS CO
Kuwait
Aimer Airconditioning Pvt. Ltd
Rajasthan
DOSHION VEOLIA WATER SOLUTIONS PVT. LTD
Ajay gelatine Products Pvt Limited
Everest industries ltd
Kaymore , Katni , MP
H & R JOHNSON (INDIA)
A Division of Prism Cement Limited , Mumbai
Jubilant FoodWorks Ltd
Procter & Gamble , Baddi
Lafarge India Private Limited - EOO
Kolkata
Federal-Mogul Goetze India Ltd
HPCL
Mumbai
Industries We Serve
Refineries
Sewage Treatment Plants
Effluent Treatment Plants
Constructions
Hotels
Food Industry
water softener
Polymer industry
Municipalities
Chemical industry
Dairy Industry
Pharmaceutical industry
Beverage Industry
Textile Industry
Automobile industry
Fiber Production
Soap Industry , Sugar Industry
Battery Manufacturing Units
Hospitals
Petroleum Industry